Detention Center History
The Vanderburgh County Jail is a historic institution that has been an integral part of the county’s law enforcement infrastructure since its establishment. Its rich history dates back to the early days of the county, and over the years, it has undergone several transformations, reflecting the growth and development of the area.
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The First Jail
The first Vanderburgh County Jail was constructed in 1818, just two years after the county’s establishment. It was a small, one-room log cabin that measured just 12 x 16 feet and was constructed at a cost of $875. However, due to the poor condition of the jail, it was sold in 1829 for a mere $19.37 ½. For the next two months, prisoners were temporarily held in a local tavern and secured using a ball and chain system.
The Second Jail
The county’s second jail was built in 1830 at a cost of $350. It stood two stories high and measured 18 x 32 feet. The foundation was made of stone, and the floors were constructed from hewn timber covered with plank. The jail was located on the southeast corner of the courthouse square and remained in use until 1855.
The Third Jail
In 1855, the county’s third jail was built simultaneously with the courthouse. This stone structure was also two stories high, featured 15 cells, and had the capacity to hold up to 40 prisoners. The jail was located on the northwest corner of the courthouse square and served the county for nearly four decades until a new jail and sheriff’s residence were established in 1891.
The Fourth Jail and Second Sheriff’s Residence
The county’s fourth jail and second sheriff’s residence were constructed in 1890 at a cost of $650,000. This impressive castle-like structure boasted a stone exterior with step-gables, projecting turrets, crenelated roof-lines, a simulated portcullis, and a central, rounded tower. Tunnels connected the jail to the courthouse, facilitating easy access between the two buildings. The jail had the capacity to hold up to 150 prisoners and included a hospital, chapel, and dining hall. The sheriff’s residence was located on the top floor of the building and featured a spacious living room, dining room, and kitchen.
Over the years, the jail has undergone several renovations and expansions to accommodate the county’s growing population. In 1967, a new wing was added to the jail, which included additional cells, a kitchen, and a laundry facility. In 1993, the jail underwent a major renovation, which included the addition of a new booking area, medical facilities, and a recreation area for inmates.
Today, the Vanderburgh County Jail remains an important part of the county’s law enforcement infrastructure, providing a secure facility for those in custody. The jail currently has the capacity to hold up to 550 inmates and includes a medical unit, chapel, and library. The jail also offers a variety of programs and services to inmates, including educational and vocational programs, substance abuse treatment, and counseling services.
In addition to its role as a correctional facility, the Vanderburgh County Jail also plays an important role in the community by providing employment opportunities for local residents. The jail currently employs over 200 staff members, including corrections officers, medical personnel, and administrative staff.